This webpage is built using Web Technologies like Html, CSS and JavaScript.
The webpage is built to exhibit the capabilities of HTML and CSS in webpage development and providing an interactive interface that universally unites the globe using international network and world-wide web.
Following on the syllabus of Computer Application, our first stop is Introduction To Html

So, What is Html anyway ?


HTML refers to Hyper-Text Markup Language, so basically it is a coding language developed by Sir Tim Berners Lee. It is a
Markup Language.

A Markup language is a a programming language without strict rules.

It is the universal standard language for writing webpages, although other popular languages exist.
Now, let's look at its syntax.

The common syntax for html looks like 


                <!DOCTYPE html>
                <html>
                <head>
                    <title>Page Title</title>
                </head>
                <body>
                    <h1>This is a Heading</h1>
                </body>
                </html>

As visible, our code begins with the html tag, it is important to note that <HTML> defines the start of an HTML document and its closing </html> defines the end of such a code.


The next element is the <HEAD> tag that is used to embed CSS and JavaScript documents in HTML. It is note-worthy that viewport and SEO works in this tag.
The other main tag we have is <Body> tag. This tag is used to include all the content of the webpage and thus forms its body of the webpage.

Now let us look at some of the attributes of the body tag. It is also to be noted that all these tags are container tags and not empty tags so they require an ending with /.


Attributes of Body tag
Background It is used to set an image as background.
Syntax:background="S.png"
link Used to set the default color of a link.
Alink Used to define the default color of an active link.
Vlink Used to set the default color of a visited link.

Now that we know the attributes, let us look at some tags to use in the body.

First, Let us look at some tags related to fonts.
WE HAVE:

Also, <Basefont> has 3 attributes being

Now let us look at the attributes of the font tag. Its attributes are as follows

Now let us take a note of some other tags.
Some other tags (useful) are :

Now Let's look at some specifics of the table in html.

Table is a collection of rows and columns that helps us in organising data. In html, a table can be created using the <Table> Tag

Here is an example for the code of a table


                <HTML>
                <body>
                    <Table>
                        <tr>
                            <th colspan="2">
                                Table 
                            </th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <td>
                                This is a cell.
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                This is another cell.
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </table>
                </body>
                </html>

Now perhaps it is time to look at some useful attributes of the table tag. Some attributes of the table tag are mentioned below.

Attributes Of Table tag
align Sets the alignment of the table
border Is used to define the width of the border.
cell-padding Is used to define the space between the cell and its elements
Cell-spacing Is used to define the space between individual cells
bgcolor sets the background color for the table
colspan Is used to merge the cells horizontally(sideways)
Rowspan Is used to merge cells vertically(downwards)

So moving on, the next thing we have on agenda is,

Lists in HTML.
Lists in html are used to list things in order.

Lists in Html use <ol> tag for ordered list, <ul> tag for unordered list and finally <dl> for description list initiation. For, listing/enumerating items we use the <li> tag. ALL OF THESE TAGS ARE CONTAINER TAGS.

Here is what a sample code for an ordered list looks like:

                <HTML>
                <body>
                    <ol>
                        <li>hello</li>
                    </ol>
                </body>
                </html>

The attributes for <ol> tag are

  1. Start
  2. Type
The attributes for <ul> is just Type.
Description lists (DL) use <dt> tag (Description Term) and <dd> tag (Description Data) for listing.

*Type is used to define the symbol for each list enumeration and start is used to define the starting point in the series of such a progression.

Forms in HTML

Forms in Html provide websites a way to accept user input in multiple forms, making them interactive and capable of accepting user input. In HTML we can create a form by using the <Form> tag.

Here is a simple syntax for a form that accepts radio options.

                <HTML>
                <body>
                    <Form>
                        <label>Gender</label>
                        <input type="radio" name=gender value="Male">
                        <input type="radio" name=gender value="Female">
                    </Form>
                </body>
                </html>

*For the form, we can use multiple we first need to use FORM tag, proceeded by Label tag which requires a closing, it may be noted that label is for the specific input feild.

The input tag's type attribute accepts various options in its parameter. Some of the popular ones are:

  1. Text
  2. Select
  3. Radio
  4. checkbox
  5. Submit
  6. reset
  7. date
  8. range
  9. There are many more(not in syllabus)

Elements

Wrapping up our Html Tags, we finally reach the <A> tag, Audio, Video and other such tags.

<A> (Anchor) Tag

The <A> tag is used to embed a Hyper-Text. Its attributes are
  • href
  • target
*Note: linking may be internal or external.

The syntax for a tag is as follows: 


                    <HTML>
                        <body>
                            <a href="https://youtu.be/P7K_cKXQtk4?si=Ax7yAbTicCwXwUwc" target="_self">
                                Rohit sir's Youtube video.
                            <A>
                        </body>
                    </html>

<img> (Image) Tag

The image tag is used to insert an Image in a webpage. It uses attributes like
  • src
  • alt
  • Height
  • Width

Its syntax is: 


                    <HTML>
                        <body>
                            <img src="abc.jpg" alt="A Honeybee">
                        </body>
                    </html>

<audio> Tag

This tag is used to insert an audio file in a webpage. Its attributes include:
  1. src
  2. autoplay
  3. type
  4. loop

The syntax for the above would look like this: 


                    <HTML>
                        <body>
                            <audio src="abc.mp3" type=audio/mpeg">
                        </body>
                    </html>

<Video> (Video) Tag

This tag functions to initiate a web element to through which we can play a video.
Attributes of Video tag
src Indicates the source of the video.
type Indicates the format and protocols

For CSS, this site is designed on Modern CSS, however for class 10th CSS you can review Rohit Sir's youtube video that covers this topic very well.

Link to Rohit sir's video on Youtube.

Since, we have completed the entire chapter of HTML, let us move our attention towards Internet and Protocols.


Well, as a quick revision, some important and notable points are: Some important protocols are:
  1. HTTP and https
  2. TCP
  3. IP
  4. Telnet
  5. UDP
  6. SIP
  7. VOIP
  8. ARP
  9. WAP
  10. FTP
  11. TFTP
  12. SFTP
  13. SMTP
  14. SCP
  15. POP
  16. MCP
  17. There are many more, The list is in true sense evergoing.